Bulgaria, Academic Career Structure
Bulgaria has moved from a Soviet-type centralised system of direction and control over universities to one that incorporates the principles of the Bologna Process. In a series of legislative reforms, Bulgaria has introduced a three-tiered system of Bachelor's, Master's and Doctors' degrees, it increased the autonomy of universities and established an agency and procedures for the evaluation and accreditation of research institutions.
Yet, problems remain which are related to the sometimes incoherent policy inputs from the changing governments and the reduction of funding against an expanding pool of students and a shortage of qualified academic staff: both risk to compromise the quality of the emerging system of higher education.
Since the collapse of the previous regime in 1989, the university system in Bulgaria has gone through three major legislative reforms: in 1990 with the Law on the Academic Autonomy of Higher Education Institutions; in 1995 with the Law on Higher Education; and in 2002 with the amendments to the Law on Higher Education.
Through these reforms, Bulgarian universities moved from narrowly defined academic studies and patterns to a broad-based system of higher education. They have gained increasing autonomy and flexibility in the organisation and definition of their curricula, while at the same time becoming directly responsible for the quality and evaluation of their programmes.
The system includes both universities and specialised institutes together with colleges offering professional higher education. The number of universities and specialised institutes increased from 38 in 1990 to 42 in 2004.
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Gross monthly salary levels from 2007
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Start
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Average
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Max
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Ph.D. Candidate
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--
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--
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--
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Postdoc
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--
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--
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--
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Assistant Professor
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--
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--
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--
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Associate Professor
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--
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--
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--
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Full Professor
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--
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--
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--
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Source:
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All Disciplines
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Ph.D. Candidate
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--
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--
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--
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Postdoc
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--
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--
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--
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Assistant Professor
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--
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--
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--
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Associate Professor
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--
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--
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--
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Full Professors
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--
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--
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--
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Slantcheva, S. (2007), 'Bulgaria', in P. J. Wells and L. Vlasceanu (eds.) The Rising Role and Relevance of Private Higher Education in Europe, UNESCO-CEPES.